Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations

	Author(s):	Committee on Optimization of Nutrient Composition of Military Rations for Short-term, High-stress Situations, Committee on Military Nutrition Research
	Collection:
	Publisher:
	Year:	2005
	Langue:	English
	Pages:	446 pages
	Size:	4.49 MB
	Extension:	PDF

[tab] [content title="Summary"] The *Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations* is a crucial report developed at the request of the U.S. Department of Defense to help ensure that soldiers on high-stress, short-term missions receive the appropriate nutrition to support both their physical and mental performance. The document takes a comprehensive look at various factors affecting soldier performance during combat, including military needs, food intake, energy expenditure, physical exercise, and food technology. A key concern highlighted in the report is the challenge of maintaining adequate nutrition during high-stress situations, such as assault missions. Soldiers often experience diminished appetite under these stressful conditions, with many consuming only about half of the necessary calories. This results in a state known as "negative energy balance," which can lead to issues like fatigue, weight loss, and even impaired mental functioning. These nutritional deficits significantly hinder performance, especially during combat operations where mental clarity and physical endurance are essential. The report examines the many variables that impact a soldier’s nutritional intake, including individual preferences, environmental conditions (such as climate), and the unpredictable nature of military operations. With the frequency of such high-stress missions on the rise, optimizing the nutritional composition of military rations has become an urgent priority. Ensuring soldiers maintain sufficient caloric intake and balanced nutrition is key to sustaining their health and maximizing their operational effectiveness during missions. By focusing on the intersection of nutrition, energy balance, and performance, the report aims to provide guidance on designing rations that meet the demands of high-intensity military operations and ultimately enhance the effectiveness and wellbeing of soldiers in the field. [/content] [content title="Content"] [/content] [content title="Author(s)"] [/content] [/tab]

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An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Value of Community-Based Prevention

	Author(s):	Non-Clinical Prevention Programs Committee on Valuing Community-Based, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Institute of Medicine
	Collection:
	Publisher:	National Academies Press
	Year:	2012
	Langue:	English
	Pages:	166 pages
	Size:	5.20 MB
	Extension:	PDF

[tab] [content title="Summary"] Over the past century, the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States have shifted from communicable diseases to chronic conditions. As these health challenges have evolved, so has our understanding of what influences health and illness. Research has highlighted the significant role of social determinants of health—such as socioeconomic status and education—which directly affect health outcomes and influence other key factors like behavioral risk factors. Addressing the current causes of morbidity and mortality requires a shift toward interventions that target these social determinants of health. Many community-based prevention initiatives focus on improving these conditions. These interventions offer three key advantages: First, they are inclusive, reaching the entire population, regardless of access to the healthcare system. Second, by targeting the whole population, these programs can address individuals at all levels of risk. Lastly, certain lifestyle and behavioral risk factors are shaped by conditions beyond an individual’s control. For example, encouraging healthy eating when nutritious food is unavailable in a community undermines the potential for successful behavioral change. Community-based interventions have the ability to influence environmental and social conditions that are typically outside the scope of clinical care. In response to these challenges, four foundations—the California Endowment, the de Beaumont Foundation, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation—sought the expertise of the Institute of Medicine to convene a committee. This committee was tasked with developing a framework for assessing the value of community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies, particularly those aimed at preventing chronic diseases. The committee’s charge was to: 1. Define what constitutes community-based, non-clinical prevention policies and wellness strategies. 2. Assess the value of these policies and strategies. 3. Analyze existing frameworks for evaluating community-based prevention, including the methodologies, measures, and both the short- and long-term impacts of such strategies on healthcare spending and public health outcomes. The findings and recommendations of the committee are summarized in *An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Value of Community-Based Prevention*. [/content] [content title="Content"] [/content] [content title="Author(s)"] [/content] [/tab]

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Public Health and Aging: Maximizing Function and Well-Being, Second Edition

	Author(s):	Steven M. Albert PhD MSc MSPH, Vicki A. Freedman PhD
	Collection:
	Publisher:
	Year:	2006
	Langue:	English
	Pages:	427 pages
	Size:	4.31 MB
	Extension:	PDF

[tab] [content title="Summary"] "The new edition strikes a perfect balance between breadth and depth, making it appealing to practitioners, academics, and students alike. The second edition of *Public Health and Aging* is an essential read in the evolving field of public health and aging." – American Public Health Association "[This] book provides valuable insights into the physical, mental, and social functioning domains that affect older adults and how these factors influence quality of life. A significant contribution to the growing field of public health and aging." – Doody's As the healthcare industry continues its focus on promoting health and preventing disease among elderly populations, this book argues that simple health promotion and disease prevention are insufficient to address the complex challenges of aging, whether it involves physical frailty, dementia, or the approach of death. Instead, this groundbreaking text emphasizes maximizing function and well-being in older adults. It advocates for the development and maintenance of optimal physical, mental, and social functioning, regardless of acquired diseases, while acknowledging the senescent changes associated with late life. Now fully updated, revised, and expanded, the second edition includes new chapters on chronic disease, long-term care, and ethical issues in public health and aging. This book is also an excellent textbook for both graduate and undergraduate programs. **Key Features:** - Provides updated statistics and trends related to physical, cognitive, and affective functioning in older adults - Covers essential topics such as physical functioning and disability, cognitive decline, social functioning, quality of life, and mortality - Discusses national efforts to create more "elder-friendly" communities - Includes important information on evidence-based depression management programs - Explores core public health fields: epidemiology, population studies, health systems and policy, and health behaviors - Instructor's Guide available to qualified instructors (contact textbook@springerpub.com) This book is an invaluable resource for health professionals and students, detailing measures healthcare professionals can take to help elderly populations not just maintain, but optimize their health. [/content] [content title="Content"] [/content] [content title="Author(s)"] [/content] [/tab]

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Public Health Risks of Disasters: Communication, Infrastructure, and Preparedness: Workshop Summary

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	Author(s):	National Research Council
	Collection:
	Publisher:	National Academy Press
	Year:	2005
	Langue:	English
	Pages:	71 pages
	Size:	721 kb
	Extension:	PDF

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Genetically Modified Organisms in Food: Production, Safety, Regulation and Public Health

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	Author(s):	Ronald Ross Watson, Victor R. Preedy
	Collection:
	Publisher:	Academic Pr, Preedy, Victor R.,
	Year:
	Langue:	English
	Pages:	516 pages
	Size:	20.05 MB
	Extension:	PDF

[tab] [content title="Summary"] Here’s a refined version of your text: --- *Genetically Modified Organisms in Food* focuses on the scientific evaluation of published research regarding GMO food products to assess their safety and potential health risks. This book serves as a valuable reference for researchers and professionals seeking information on the safety of both GMO and non-GMO food production, alongside the economic benefits of each. It provides in-depth coverage of the issues surrounding genetic engineering in food. Written by a team of scientific experts, this timely publication presents research findings aimed at fostering further evidence-based studies to educate scientists, academics, and government officials about the safety of the global food supply. The book offers the latest insights into research and development in GMO and non-GMO safety issues, incorporating evidence-based reviews for a comprehensive understanding. It covers various aspects of GMO production, analysis, and identification to clarify their development and use. Additionally, it includes definitions, an overview and history of GM foods from a global perspective, and concise chapter summaries with actionable recommendations. [/content] [content title="Content"] [/content] [content title="Author(s)"] [/content] [/tab]

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